Katse: Auto Detailid

Komponendid:

1 x Arduino Uno
1 x L298N mootori draiver
2 x mootor
1 x lüliti sisse / välja lülitamiseks
3 x parkimisandur
1 x aku (võib asendada patareidega)

Skeem:

Tööprotsess:

Auto sisselülitamisel loeb autoandurid vahemaa ja määrab, kui kiiresti see liigub. Mida lähemal objektile, seda aeglasemalt see liigub kuni täieliku peatumiseni. See põhimõte kehtib ka piiksuja puhul.

Kood:

// DISTANCE VARIABLES
const int trigPin = 3;
const int echoPin = 2;
int dist_check1, dist_check2, dist_check3;
long duration, distance, distance_all;
int dist_result;

// MOTORS VARIABLES
const int mot1f = 6;
const int mot1b = 5;
const int mot2f = 11;
const int mot2b = 10;
int mot_speed = 150; // Уменьшенная скорость моторов
int k = 0; // BRAKE

// LOGICS VARIABLES
const int dist_stop = 25;
const int max_range = 800;
const int min_range = 0;
int errorLED = 13;
int turn_count = 0; // Счётчик поворотов

// INITIALIZATION
void setup() {
  // Serial.begin(9600);
  // bluetoothSerial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(errorLED, OUTPUT);
}

// BASIC PROGRAM CYCLE
void loop() {
  delay(1000);
  goto start;

  start:
  int result = ping(); // Check distance
  if (result <= min_range || result >= max_range) { // Check min and max range
    digitalWrite(errorLED, 1);
    delay(500);
  }
  else if (result <= dist_stop) { // Check stop range
    digitalWrite(errorLED, 0);
    motors_stop();
    turn_count++;

    // Turn left
    motors_left();
    delay(300);
    motors_stop();

    // Check distance again after turning left
    result = ping();
    if (result <= dist_stop) { // If obstacle still detected, turn right 180 degrees
      motors_stop();

      // Turn right 180 degrees
      motors_right();
      delay(600);
      motors_stop();
    }

    if (turn_count >= 5) { // Если поворачивает 5 раз подряд
      turn_count = 0;

      // Едем вперёд
      motors_forward();
      delay(1000); // Продолжительность движения вперёд
      motors_stop();
      result = ping();

      if (result <= dist_stop) { // Если сразу увидит препятствие
        motors_stop();

        // Едем назад
        motors_back();
        delay(500); // Продолжительность движения назад
        motors_stop();
      }
    }
  } else { // If all is OK, go forward
    motors_forward();
    delay(100);
    turn_count = 0; // Сбрасываем счётчик поворотов при движении вперёд
  }

  goto start;
}

// *********************** FUNCTIONS *******************************
int ping() { // CHECK DISTANCE FUNCTION (3x)
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 0);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 1);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 0);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, 1);
  distance = duration / 58;
  dist_check1 = distance;

  digitalWrite(trigPin, 0);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 1);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 0);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, 1);
  distance = duration / 58;
  dist_check2 = distance;

  digitalWrite(trigPin, 0);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 1);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, 0);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, 1);
  distance = duration / 58;
  dist_check3 = distance;

  int dist_check_sum = dist_check1 + dist_check2 + dist_check3;
  dist_result = dist_check_sum / 3;
  return dist_result;
}

void motors_forward() { // MOTORS FORWARD FUNCTION
  analogWrite(mot1f, mot_speed);
  analogWrite(mot2f, mot_speed);
  digitalWrite(mot1b, 0);
  digitalWrite(mot2b, 0);
}

void motors_back() { // MOTORS BACK FUNCTION
  digitalWrite(mot1f, 0);
  digitalWrite(mot2f, 0);
  analogWrite(mot1b, mot_speed);
  analogWrite(mot2b, mot_speed);
}

void motors_stop() { // MOTORS STOP FUNCTION
  digitalWrite(mot1f, 1);
  digitalWrite(mot2f, 1);
  digitalWrite(mot1b, 1);
  digitalWrite(mot2b, 1);
}

void motors_left() { // MOTORS LEFT FUNCTION
  analogWrite(mot1f, mot_speed);
  digitalWrite(mot2f, 0);
  digitalWrite(mot1b, 0);
  analogWrite(mot2b, mot_speed);
}

void motors_right() { // MOTORS RIGHT FUNCTION
  digitalWrite(mot1f, 0);
  analogWrite(mot2f, mot_speed);
  analogWrite(mot1b, mot_speed);
  digitalWrite(mot2b, 0);
}

void motors_foward_left() { // FORWARD LEFT FUNCTION
  k = mot_speed * 0.8;
  analogWrite(mot1f, mot_speed);
  analogWrite(mot2f, k);
  digitalWrite(mot1b, 0);
  digitalWrite(mot2b, 0);
}

void motors_foward_right() { // FORWARD RIGHT FUNCTION
  k = mot_speed * 0.8;
  analogWrite(mot1f, k);
  analogWrite(mot2f, mot_speed);
  analogWrite(mot1b, 0);
  analogWrite(mot2b, 0);
}

void motors_back_left() { // BACK LEFT FUNCTION
  k = mot_speed * 0.8;
  digitalWrite(mot1f, 0);
  digitalWrite(mot2f, 0);
  analogWrite(mot1b, k);
  analogWrite(mot2b, mot_speed);
}

void motors_back_right() { // BACK RIGHT FUNCTION
  k = mot_speed * 0.8;
  digitalWrite(mot1f, 0);
  digitalWrite(mot2f, 0);
  analogWrite(mot1b, mot_speed);
  analogWrite(mot2b, k);
}

Reaalse elu rakendused:

Mootor, puidutöötlemine, kaevandamine, robootika, keeruline insener, Pargisensorid kasutatakse ohutuks parkimiseks.

Video:

Foto: